Russia's spending on Research and development in 2024 is below 1% of GDP

The website of the Institute of Economic Forecasting, RAS published an article “Russian Economy: Challenged”. It indicates that spending on Research and development has been on a downward trend since the early 2000s, and by 2024, spending has dropped below what it was in the 1990s. How this relates to the government’s plans for a “colossal” increase in spending on science is not entirely clear.